Correct Answer: E
Explanation:
An organic filter that allows only near-infrared (NIR) light to pass through has been developed by scientists at the CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) based in Thiruvananthapuram.
The new NIR filter can be used for night vision glasses, night photography, and will have applications in security and forensics such as identifying blood stains on a dark fabric.
Currently available inorganic filters are expensive and brittle whereas organic filters are easy to process and flexible too.
The filter was prepared by mixing a black dye (diketopyrrolopyrrole or DPP) having an amide group that helps the molecules to be in close contact with each other and interact, leading to changes in their optical properties.
The organogel-based filter has the ability to absorb both ultraviolet and visible light while allowing the near-infrared light alone to pass through.
The nanofibres formed through the self-assembly of the DPP molecules are responsible for the broad light absorption of the material, making it appear dark.
How Scientists Developed It
The researchers developed the filter by mixing the organogel with a transparent polymer (polydimethylsiloxane).
The addition of the dye turns the transparent polymer into a semi-transparent one and the filter appears black as it absorbs most of the ultraviolet-visible light.
Only very little of the organogel has to be added to the polymer to make the filter.
The material is present throughout the polymer matrix even though very little is added.
The filter was found to absorb light from 300-850 nm (both ultraviolet, visible and a part of NIR light) and transmit NIR light from 850-1500 nm.
The researchers tested it for night photography and found the filter responsive only to NIR light.
A potential application of the new material is in the design of hidden security codes on documents which can be viewed only through a NIR-readable camera.